Canon : Events that actually take place within the context of the show(s).

Fanon : events that are written in fan fiction that don't occur in the show(s), but catch on in popularity and become a standard within fan fiction itself.


Fanon vs. Reality

e know the definitions and as writers, we often visit both sides of the issue when we construct a story. Canon is what gives us a basis for our fan fiction, but it's often fanon that shapes whole genres of fandom. A certain trait or personality quirk of a character is emphasized and repeated over and over because writers find it desirable or perhaps think it defines the character in some way, regardless of whether or not it was a frequent occurrence in canon. (Examples can be made of Spike's supposed love of marshmallows in Buffy the Vampire Slayer, Methos throwing beer tabs behind Macleod's fridge in Highlander, and Cupid's jealous transformation into a green eyed monster on Hercules the Legendary Journeys. These are all things that rarely happened -- perhaps only once -- in canon, but occur constantly in fan fiction.) There are times, however, when fanon is inspired by fan fiction itself, as is the case in the Hercules-Xena-Young Hercules fandom.

Some years back, three writers took a chance and wrote an odd paring: Ares/Joxer. The two characters hadn't shared much screen time and what they had wasn't exactly overflowing with chemistry. Those writers took a shot though and for a long time it looked as though they'd be all alone in their strange tastes. Then they began to slowly attract notice and the pairing took on a life of its own as more and more writers attempted it.

A few years ago, an author wrote a new characterization of Ares. She stated that the story took place in an alternate world so as to excuse Ares' rather odd behavior, and since it was a completely new characterization at the time, no one thought it particularly bad. It was simply...new. In this story, Ares was a kinder, gentler version of the God of War we'd come to know on the shows, as were most of his family. He had a caring, loving side which he lavished on Joxer, his new lover. Everything was blissful, mushy happiness and there wasn't anything necessarily wrong with that.

Around the same time another author wrote a little story wherein Cupid and Strife got together for a little bit of PWP fun. Two characters who'd never shared screen time; it was a novel idea but it didn't receive overwhelming support. At first.

What do these anecdotes have in common? The fact that they were all the spawning points for fanon convention. Once Ares/Joxer caught on, there was no stopping it. At the same time, although they were far slower to develop, the new "fluffy" version of Ares and the pairing of Cupid/Strife began to gain popularity. When the three finally met, it was a collision of massive fanon that resulted in what has since become a mind boggling overflow of badfic.

What makes this badfic? Certainly not any singular one of those elements, or even those elements at all, it's what's been done with them that crossed the boundary. When every male in the story bursts into tears at a moment's notice; when gods we know as a fact from canon to be bad guys/girls, are suddenly misunderstood fluffy good guys in black leather with no good explanation; when the good guys/girls suddenly turn into bigoted, small-minded dolts; when the characters start talking in incomprehensible accents; when every female canon love interest is turned into a manipulative bitch just to get her out of the way of m/m true love; when love just isn't considered true love or even true marriage unless the man gets pregnant; that is when you either have a truly hilarious parody, or an extremely horrific badfic.

This is probably a good point to discuss the concept of "stylistic" or "creative" characterization versus plain old bad writing. 

The defense of so many of the authors who pen badfic is that this is their "vision" of the characters, or that since this is their story, they can do whatever they want and it's not wrong. Of course an author has the right to write whatever characterization they feel like, it's called "free will," but that doesn't make it good writing either. These aren't "characterizations," they're "caricatures," or, to use a fan fiction term, the characters are severely OOC (out of character). The reply of many serious authors to these claims of "vision" and "it's my story" is simply, why write fan fiction? If someone is that set on writing characters that bear no resemblance to the ones in the shows, then why not simply write an original story? Why turn good characters into parodies of themselves? It's just plain bad writing.

Let's cover a few fanon conventions now, and what makes them so horrific to serious fan fiction authors.

Ares, God of War, fanon

Ares, God of War, canon
Joxer, fanon
Joxer, canon
Strife, God of Mischief, fanon
Strife, canon
Cupid, God of Love, fanon
Cupid, God of Love, canon
Psyche, fanon
Psyche, Goddess of the Mind, canon
Gabrielle, fanon
Gabrielle, canon
Xena, Warrior Princess, fanon
Xena, Warrior Princess, canon
Hercules, fanon
Hercules, canon
"House of War" (or Love, or Intellect, or Death), fanon
"House of whatever," canon
Mpreg, fanon
Mpreg, canon
The differences between fanon and canon here is not only extreme but very obvious as well. So obvious that it should be simple enough to avoid the pitfalls of fanon. Unfortunately, what's occurred over the past few years is basically a vicious cycle. 

Someone new comes into the Herc-Xena fandom and sees all of this badfic -- it's hard to miss since it's so prolific these days. That person decides to try their hand at writing, either never having seen a single episode of the shows themselves, or not having seen them since the last new episodes ran. Since their memories of the shows are fuzzy or nonexistent, they assume that this massive quantity of fic must reflect the reality of the show, i.e., canon. After all, the body of badfic out there is pretty much the same plot and ideas just written slightly differently each time. It's easy for a newcomer to be confused and take it for canon.

So this newbie writes a story. Maybe it has potential, maybe it's utter crap, but it really doesn't matter because when it's posted to the right list -- one that devours fanon badfic like candy -- it'll be met with choruses of, "omg thats so gret i luv yor fic youl rit mor wont u???!!one!!!" Regardless of the quality of the fic, that is the response it will receive. Some responses will contain a better knowledge of the English language and others will be more dreadful netspeak, but they will all have one thing in common, they will demand more fanon badfic. No one will ever give an author constructive criticism. No one will point out bad spelling, punctuation or grammar. No one will give advice on constructing a better plot, better description or dialogue. There will simply be a demand for more, more, more. Give us more crap because we can't tell the difference between that and the actual good fic.

With that kind of response, no author is ever given the incentive to improve. No author has any way of knowing they need to improve. There's an audience for complete trash and that's all any author has to write to receive mindless feedback. It's an extremely sad direction that section of the fandom has turned towards and it shows no sign of letting up, but there is still the occasional author out there who somehow finds their way out of that bog of stench, or authors who are trying desperately to never venture anywhere near it. It's not the easy road to chose, but if you take pride in your work, it's the higher road.

Now, unfortunately fanfic authors can't live by canon alone, and any author in this fandom who swears they've never used a single fanon convention probably needs to go back and reread their own work. Everyone uses them. The difference is, serious authors don't rely on those conventions for the entire development of their characters. Canon is referred to far more often, and mythology even more so. Serious authors strive for new and different looks at the characters, their characterizations and histories; they don't write stories with other fanfic as their sole basis and reference. That way lies badfic.


Technical Writing Mistakes

very author has their own writing style and while there's nothing wrong with that, there are some things, technical aspects, that are wrong. What follows are some examples of the wrong way to do things, and explanations of what makes them incorrect.

"Yea. I'm like, so.so **_IN_** **_LOVE_** with you!!!!!!" Cupid growled.

Okay, what's wrong with the above sentence? 

1) Let's start with the first thing. "Yea" rhymes with, "nay." It's an archaic expression now used almost solely in the legal system or in formal proceedings during voting. (i.e. "When your name is called, state 'yea' or 'nay' on the proposal.")

The word that should be at the beginning of that sentence is, "Yeah." It rhymes somewhat with, "Nah." "Yeah" is a slang form of the word, "yes" that we use in America, although its use has likely spread far outside our borders.

2) The second thing wrong with this sentence is the lack of ellipses. "so.so" should be written as, "so...so" because the standard punctuation mark for a pause in speech is a set of three periods, in other words, ellipses.

3) Thirdly, there is absolutely no need to slap that much emphasis on any word. Not only does it look bad, it's technically incorrect. Instead of, "**_IN_**," it should read, "*in*." For both words, "**_IN_** **_LOVE_**," should be reduced to, "*in love*." Using the asterisks around both words cuts down on the clutter of having four of them in there while still getting across the emphasis. Capitalization is also unnecessary if you're going to use another form of emphasis with it. Choose one or the other, not both.

4) Overpunctuation is the catch word for the day here. There is no excuse for using more than one set of punctuation marks. "you!!!!!!" should be, "you!" And if that isn't enough emphasis, then it can be written as, "*you*!" to get it across. The same goes for anything in this line: "?!?!?!" or "??????" or any other set of multiple punctuations. Chose one and stick with it. Find another way to place emphasis on words if you need to.

5) "Cupid growled." Okay, when was the last time you growled out an entire sentence? Try it sometime, you'll sound like an idiot and probably end up with a sore throat on top of it. Face it, we don't talk that way. We don't hiss whole sentences, sneer them, sniff them, or sob them. Therefore, the only way to phrase the last part of the sentence so that it makes sense, is like this: "Cupid said with a growl." Or some variant thereof. Cupid can still growl, but he's not going to be growling the sentence.

Here's the entire sentence, corrected:

"Yeah. I'm like, so...so *in love* with you!" Cupid said with a growl.

Now for a little something different.

The smaller man looked up at Hercules and the demi-god frowned. Iolaus shook his head. The larger man sighed in resignation and the blond hunter grinned, knowing he'd won the argument with the stronger man.

Here are a few things to cut out of your vocabulary when you write: "the man/woman/god(dess)," "the smaller/larger man/woman/god(dess)," "the [insert hair/eye color here] man/woman/god(dess)," "the other man/woman/god(dess)," "the younger/older man/woman/god(dess)," "the demi-god," "the hunter," "the Warrior Princess," "the Amazon," "the bard," "the wannabe-warrior," "the thief," "the [insert title here] God(dess)," or any variation thereof. These titles are known as "epithets" and they are evil.

When you use epithets such as "the hunter" for Iolaus or "the bard" for Gabrielle, you're doing them an injustice. You're compartmentalizing them. By referring to them or any other character in that fashion, you're stating that those descriptions are all those characters are. You're saying that Iolaus is a hunter and nothing else, that Gabrielle is a bard twenty-four hours a day, seven days a week; it's an erroneous statement because we know none of those to be the case.

Iolaus is a hunter, true, but he's also a tracker, a soldier, a smith, a friend, a hero, a fighter, and so many other things that it's pointless to try to pigeon-hole his character. The same is true for Gabrielle; she's a bard, an Amazon princess, a sister, a widow, and much, much more. Every single character from Zeus down to Falafel can be described in multitudes of different ways, none of which should be used in place of a pronoun or their proper names.

The corrected sentence:

Iolaus looked up at Hercules who frowned at him. Iolaus shook his head. Hercules sighed in resignation and Iolaus grinned, knowing he'd won the argument.

And for another example:

"I toldjya ta take tha knife 'n getchyer ass outta here, Cupid! Whatchya still doin' here?" Strife asked.

As mentioned in the above discussion of characterization, Strife has never once in any of the episodes in which he appeared, talked in any way like the above sentence. Strife actually enunciates his words extremely well. Go back and watch his scenes, rerun the tape over and over and I promise you not once will you hear a "yer," "tha," "'n," or "ya." The only way Strife talks differently from the other gods is by inserting slang into his speech. That's what Ares' complaints are about where Strife's manner of talking is concerned.

What makes Strife such an odd character isn't just his use of slang, it's his body language. He moves differently from anyone else. What he says with words is nothing compared to what his body is saying. His movements are exaggerated, almost flamboyant at times. It seems that many authors have no way of either understanding this or expressing it through writing, so they give him a bad accent instead to make him stand out.

To reiterate, Strife does not speak like an inner city reject. He doesn't drop the "g" off of his words, he says "you" just fine, as well as "and," "to," and "your." He doesn't run his words together. There are no "getchyer," "didn'tchya," "wantchya," or any other such phrases in his speech. He does, however, use the occasional "gonna" and "wanna," as do most of the characters on the shows, but "kinda," "sorta," and "outta" are much more rare. You can't use them constantly. 

Writing Strife with a horrendous accent is not only technically wrong, it's a pain for readers to understand. When someone has to stop reading a fic and spend time trying to translate a character's speech, that's a sign that something is very wrong. Dialect can be good for showing that a character is from someplace foreign, or grew up in a different area of town, but it should never be taken to the extremes badfic!Strife has. And there's no excuse for writing dialect for Strife anyway, not when canon clearly shows us that he speaks very normally, probably even more correctly than your average American, even with the slang.

The corrected sentence:

"I told you to take the knife and get your ass outta here, Cupid! What're you still doing here?" Strife asked.

Just a few quick technical lessons to think about.


Links to other helpful essays and rants on this subject

The Big List of Fanfic Peeves

Commonly Confused Words and Their Meanings

fanficrants: Lack of Punctuation is NOT "Stylistic"

Fanfic Symposium: Banishing the Wild Epithet

S/X and Violence: Tiny Marshmallows Want to be Free
Overuse of one-off plot points -- turning canon into fanon, by Mer

Thamiris' Sexed Up Grammar Guide

The Transitive Demigod


How not to write: links to deliberate badfic

"Dial S for Stupid," by Beth

"Kiss, Kiss, Bang, Bang," by Thamiris

The Less Than Legendary Journeys: Guide to Writing in the HtLJ Universe

"Love's Conquering Light," by Arabella

"Pair of Fools," by Candace and Erin

"Sweat Blazing Desire," by Erin


Thanks so much to Candace for looking over this for me. All remaining mistakes are my bad.

Credit goes to Roo for the arguments she presented on the "Houses" and male breastfeeding issues in her rant on the LJ, The Temple of Bad Herc-Xena Fanfic. Also thanks to Mary Crawford for the reminder about Dionysus' circumstances of birth.

mythdefied@gmail.com